Maxillary Molar with Two Palatal Canals Type I: Case Report

This study aimed to describe a case report of endodontic treatment of a maxillary first molar with two roots and two palatal canals type I. The patient was referred to the Federal University of Pernambuco for endodontic treatment in left maxillary first permanent molar. After the clinical, physical and radiographic examination, the diagnosis was irreversible pulpitis. Radiographic examination showed a suggestive picture of a second palatal root. During access surgery, an alteration was observed in the pulp chamber and was then located the fourth canal, called distopalatal. The chemomechanical preparation was performed with rotary instruments of ProTaper UniversalTM system and the irrigation was made with sodium hypochlorite 1%. At the end, there was an irrigation with 17% ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid, drying and filling with gutta-percha and Fill apex MTA cement, using the lateral condensation technique. This case demonstrates an unusual anatomical condition, enhancing that the knowledge of internal anatomy, as well as their diversity, is of key importance for successful endodontic treatment, and the dental surgeon should always be alert to possible morphological changes of tooth groups.